The Turning Point of New Energy Road--Analysis of Hybrid Power Technology

Oil resources are not exhaustive. As the main fuel for automobiles, it will always be a day of substitution. Although in the process of finding new energy, major auto companies once turned to each other and worked in different directions, but experienced After long-term exploration and collision, the global automotive industry has basically reached a consensus on the steps of the energy industry. Clean energy such as diesel, natural gas, and ethanol is recognized as an effective method and is in the promotion period. Hydrogen power is As the ultimate perfect solution.
As the second stage technology, hybrid power is in a period of vigorous development.

Although hybrid power is still based on petroleum as a fuel, it does not completely solve the energy shortage problem. However, among the many solutions, only hybrid power has been successfully industrialized, and even some European auto companies that have not been optimistic about hybrid power Started to catch up, and has launched their own production models.

What is hybrid power?

Hybrid vehicles use traditional internal-combustion engines and electric motors as power sources. They use two systems of heat energy and electricity to start the car to save fuel and reduce exhaust pollution. The internal combustion engine used has both diesel engines and gasoline engines, but the common features are small displacement, light weight, high speed, and good emissions. The key to hybrid vehicles is the hybrid system. Its performance is directly related to the performance of hybrid vehicles. After more than a decade of development, the hybrid powertrain assembly has evolved from the original discrete structure of the engine and motor to the integrated structure of the engine, the motor and the transmission, that is, an integrated hybrid powertrain system. Hybrid powertrains are classified by power transmission routes and can be divided into three types: serial, parallel, and hybrid.

Tandem

It consists of an engine, a generator and an electric motor. The power unit is composed of a series connection. The engine drives the generator to generate electricity. The electrical energy is sent to the battery or motor through the controller. The motor drives the car through the transmission mechanism. When the vehicle is in starting, accelerating, climbing conditions, the engine, generator set and battery pack provide electric energy to the motor; when the vehicle is in a low speed, coasting, idle condition, the battery is used to drive the motor when the battery pack is missing. When it is powered, the engine and generator set will charge the battery pack. The tandem type is suitable for frequent starting and low speed conditions in the city. The engine can be adjusted to operate stably near the optimal operating point, and the purpose of adjusting the speed can be achieved by adjusting the output of the battery and the motor. The engine is prevented from idling and running at a low speed, thereby improving engine efficiency and reducing exhaust emissions. Its disadvantage is that the energy is converted several times, the mechanical efficiency is low, it is difficult to achieve the purpose of significantly reducing fuel consumption. At present, it is mainly used in urban buses and is rarely seen in cars.

Parallel type

The engine and the electric motor of the parallel-type device jointly drive the automobile. The engine and the electric motor belong to two sets of systems and can independently provide torque to the automotive power train. They can be driven together or independently on different roads. When the car accelerates uphill, the motor and the engine can simultaneously provide power to the transmission. Once the vehicle reaches the cruising speed, the car will only rely on the engine to maintain the speed. The electric motor can be used both as a motor and a generator to balance the load on the engine so that it can work in a high efficiency area. However, due to the mechanical connection between the engine and the drive wheels, the engine does not always operate at the optimum operating point in urban operating conditions, and the vehicle's fuel economy is worse than in series. Because there is no separate generator, the engine can directly drive the wheels through the transmission mechanism. This device is closer to the traditional automotive drive system, and the mechanical efficiency loss is similar to that of ordinary cars, so it is widely used.