Does home photovoltaic grid connection require design and construction qualification? What is the specific procedure for individual residents to install photovoltaic power plants? Recently, the friends of the Solar Artisan Photovoltaic Forum put forward such questions. Now Xiaobian has compiled the common problems and steps for the integration of photovoltaic power generation for households, as follows:
1. What should you do if you want to build a photovoltaic power station?
You can first call 95598 consultation, and then go to the nearest power supply business application for processing. You can use your own ID card, account book, real estate license and other materials to generate electricity at home. If you are occupying a public area, you need to provide proof of the consent of other owners, property, and neighborhood committees.
After the application is submitted, the power supply company will send a person to the site to inspect and issue an acceptance plan. The public will design according to the plan, purchase solar panels, inverters, brackets, cables, etc. of qualified units, and then install it, and then the power supply company will review it. . After the audit is passed, the power supply company will send people to install metering devices, sign the grid-connected contracts, and conduct on-grid commissioning.
The power supply company will be exempted from the system capacity backup fee, and will not charge for the whole process from grid-connected application to grid-connected commissioning. The power generation capacity can be fully used on the Internet, or it can be used for its own use, or it can be used for personal use, and the remaining power can be used to access the Internet.
State Grid Corporation promised that the entire process will be completed within 45 working days. From the perspective of some of the family photovoltaic power stations put into operation, power supply companies can generally complete the service process within 45 days.
Practical case: The family photovoltaic power station in Shunyi, Beijing has only used 35 working days from the application to the grid connection. Shandong Xupufei spent 30 working days in Beijing, and Shunyi Xu Xiaodong in Beijing used less than 20 working days. Heqing Bin, Hefei, Anhui Province Only 17 working days were used.
2. What information do the natural person owners need to provide?
Question: On the “Application Form for Access†of the State Grid, the applicant for natural-name applicants needs to provide information: “Supporting documents for the legality of the project’s original ID and copy, account book, real estate license, etc.â€. Does this "etc." mean that it is necessary to have three IDs, identity cards, real estate certificates, or other documents that can prove the legitimacy of the project?
A: The staff of the Beijing City Customer Service Center pointed out that if the owner is prepared to operate the whole process on his own, he only needs to bring his identity card, account book, and real estate certificate to apply. If he wants to entrust another person (can be a family member or a friend), In addition to the above three documents, the identity of the relevant contact person must also be carried. The situation in different cities is different, and some of the materials that need to be provided include the real estate license, the license for the start-up of the real estate company (certification), a copy of the personal identification card, and the parameters of the grid-connected inverter. Specifically consult the local power company customer service center.
3. Does the natural person apply for project approval?
Q: There is a column "Approval Requirements" on the "Access Application Form": "Provincial", "District", "Other", "No Approval Required." Then what kind of situation does the owner's project require? Which level of approval does it need? What kind of situation is "without approval?" The document is not clear. The business offices across the State Grid have different standards.
A: The staff of the Beijing City Customer Service Center pointed out that Beijing’s project has no approval requirements and the State Grid Corporation will be responsible for the completion.
4. Do you need project plans and design drawings when applying?
Q: This point was not mentioned in the information provided by the owner of the natural person. However, in actual implementation, it is often required to provide it. Among corporate owners, there is a reference to "relevant information for the pre-project work" but it does not explicitly include any information.
A: The staff of the Beijing City Customer Service Center pointed out that the application plan does not require project plans and plans. After the State Grid has accepted the application for network connection, it will discuss with the owner after the development of the access system plan to the owner's home.
5. Is there any quality requirement for the project design and construction unit?
Q: For the natural person project, many individuals design and install themselves, or ask friends for help, and did not commission the design unit. Beginning in the application process, some owners encountered the situation that the grid required to provide the quality of the designer.
A: The State Grid documents only require that the inverters used should pass the national inspection and certification. In the “access system content and technical requirements†document, it is mentioned that the quality requirements for power grid voltage and frequency of the State Grid must be met. The staff of the Beijing City Customer Service Center replied that the State Grid does not provide a design unit, but if residents need to entrust the engineering design and construction unit, they must meet the quality standards of Grade 3 and above.
6. What are the differences between the existing application procedures for power stations and unmounted power stations?
One way is to build a power station before the relevant state policies are issued. If you want to apply for a grid connection, you can go to the company to fill out the application form by first obtaining an ID card, a real estate license, or a land certificate, property or neighbor's consent certificate.
After that, the power supply company will send special personnel to the residents' homes for on-site exploration, and then formulate the access system plan. After the user confirms, the power station will be reconstructed according to the plan. After the end, the application for grid connection acceptance and commissioning will be submitted. After that, the energy metering device will be installed free of charge. Signing an order for electricity sales contracts and grid-tied scheduling agreements, and grid-connected operation, generating capacity for “self-use, spare-net accessâ€.
In the second case, the rooftop power station has not yet been installed but it is decided to install it. To avoid waste of resources due to repetitive work, it is better to submit a grid connection application to the power supply company before installation. After the acceptance, the power supply company will issue the access system solution and With regard to the network access suggestion letter, the user must have qualified design, construction unit design drawings, and installation equipment to take this information.
It should be noted that the installed PV panels and inverters must be manufactured by a regular company and have 3C, CE or SAA certification. The design and construction unit must be qualified to ensure correct design and safe installation. After the installation is complete, follow the procedure and apply for the grid.
In addition, if a distributed power station invested and constructed by a resident or a unit is to be successfully integrated into the national grid, it must be located near the user, and the generated power can be used on the spot, with a voltage rating of 10 kilovolts and below, and the total installed capacity of a single grid point is not More than 6 MW.
7. Can I buy PV modules?
Necessary consent from the property and all neighbors before installation. Installation depends entirely on DIY
Can I buy PV modules?
No, you must at least obtain the consent of the residential property (written permission). Because you need to install solar panels on the roof with the best light conditions. The roof belongs to a common area, so if you are not a single-family home, you must also seek the consent of all neighbors that may be affected.
The process of getting the consent of the property and the neighbors is sometimes very long.
Xu Pengfei, the first domestic photovoltaic power plant user, introduced that his photovoltaic equipment is ready to be installed on the roof of the residential building he lived in. Therefore, according to the requirements, he provided written signatures of all the neighbors of his unit, as well as proof of the consent of the residential property and the owners’ committee. The neighborhood committee must also stamp. How much time did this process take him? To find 20 neighbors to sign and agree, it took Xu Pengfei almost 3 weeks.
He Qingbin of Hefei is fortunate in obtaining neighbor's consent. He lived on the 7th floor. In the second half of 2012, after purchasing solar panels and other equipment, he thought ahead and installed the panels on the load-bearing wall on the 18th floor. By minimizing the occupation of public areas, he only had to obtain the consent of a neighbor below the bearing wall. The neighbor was a reasonable 80-year-old and learned that his power station helped save energy and reduce emissions, and he immediately agreed.
So, if you just live on the top floor of the floor, do you still need the consent of the neighbors? Xu Xiaodong, from the East Sun City District of Shunyi, Beijing, encountered this situation. He lives on the top two floors of a four-story building. Because he installed solar panels on the top floor, he negotiated first- and second-tier neighbors and property. As for the construction of a family photovoltaic power station like the one in Mr. Chen’s single-family villa in Minhang District, Shanghai, it is naturally not necessary to obtain the consent of the neighbors, but the consent of the property is still required. As for the property licensing, some of them are relatively simple. For example, Hefei's properties are relatively cautious. For example, Mr. Chen’s property in Shanghai’s residential area requires him to commit himself to the consequences of any safety incident.
After obtaining the written permission from the neighbors and the property, the family photovoltaic power plant can begin installation. But because there is no professional installation company at present, everything must be DIY (do it yourself). This may only be a time-consuming issue for PV practitioners or photovoltaic enthusiasts, but for the layman, this step can be extremely difficult.
Photovoltaic workers or photovoltaic enthusiasts generally have stronger hands-on capabilities. The reporter noticed that Beijing Shunyi Ruhai, Shandong Qingdao Xu Pengfei and Shanghai Minhang Chen are all familiar with photovoltaic equipment and installation, and Xu Peng, the second household in Anhui Hefei, applied for a home photovoltaic power station and the first household in Henan applied for a family photovoltaic power station. Wang Yong's two enthusiasts are all working on mechanical and dry machinery. DIY installation equipment naturally has no problem.
How long does it take for DIY installation equipment?
Take Mr. Chen from Minhang, Shanghai as an example. He started to install equipment in early November 2012. After five weekends (about 10 days), he completed equipment installation in early December.
On the south platform of the 6th-floor roof garden where he lived, Kaifeng's Wang Yong welded triangular shelves with aluminum alloy plates for placing and fixing photovoltaic panels to prevent windy weather. So, is it safe to install and fix the panels?
The reporter was informed by relevant parties in Shanghai that the photovoltaic panels installed by individuals should be suitable for general weather problems such as windy and rainy weather. However, if you encounter weather like “Anemone†in 2012 and “Weimasun†in 2014, Photovoltaic panels installed on the roof cannot guarantee absolute safety.
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