Coordination of feed production technology, fine management, long-
key factors of the cost of compound feed technology
In the past two years, the continuous high price of livestock and poultry products has brought unprecedentedly good conditions to the feed industry. The amazing price of bulk feed and additive raw materials has brought challenges and development opportunities to our industry! Feed practitioners face the current situation. ——How to develop yourself! The fine management of compound feed production has become the focus of enterprise development. However, how to achieve the fine management of the feed production technology, the optimization of the formula, the minimization of the cost, and the standardization of the production? The following are some key issues that restrict the cost of the feed technology, for the practitioners to discuss.
1, to achieve the optimization of feed formula, the exact needs of animals must be clear
database of various animal nutritional requirements, formula design to achieve fine management, a long way to go
Feed formulation is the core to achieve scientific production of feed. At present, domestic feed enterprises generally adopt the “lowest cost formula technologyâ€, which is based on the nutritional requirements of livestock and poultry at a certain production level, and set a certain range of constraints, with the lowest unit feed cost as the objective function, the application of computers Filter the optimal formula. However, the so-called formula optimization is mainly aimed at the lowest cost and the largest benefit. The feed enterprise's products respond to China's changing aquaculture production environment (the difference in the degree of intensification of pigs), different production levels and targets (broilers have export segmentation, domestic segmentation, white striped chicken, broiler chicken), complex animal breeds. (AA broiler chicken, crossbred chicken, local chicken), what is the nutritional requirement of the animal under these complicated conditions? Does the feed product designed according to the “maximum income formula model†meet the animal dynamic demand, what is the satisfaction degree? If the animal's demand forecast is not accurate, how to accurately calculate the formula and cost, and how to deal with the refined management of feed production technology.
2, to achieve the minimum cost of feed, the accurate nutritional value of each feed must be clear
database of various feed nutritional values, raw materials used to achieve refined tubes and distance
The development of China's feed industry is based on the reform of the national food policy. The diet structure is the introduction of the “corn + soybean meal + fishmeal + additive†model. The nutritional value of common feed has been revised several times. However, the source of the data is only a few. The results of resource surveys by universities and institute experts. China is so big, its resources are so wide, and its use is different. At present, the energy nutrition of foreign pigs is already popularizing the net energy system. We are still using the digestive energy system. It is worth thinking about whether the feed formulator considers where your digestive energy database comes from. You need to design formula with effective amino acids, who In the determination of amino acid utilization rate? At present, experts and professors are publishing high academic level papers. Enterprise technicians are busy with the minimum cost of feed. Who is doing the evaluation of the nutritional value of feed? Needless to say, unconventional feed is corn and soybean meal. What is the precise nutritional value? If we do not understand the feed value of each feed according to the actual feed resources in China, we must minimize the cost of feed and talk about the refinement of feed production technology management.
3, to achieve the optimal quality of feed products, the accuracy of the use of feed additives must be clear
the efficacy of various additives can be unclear, and the use of additives to achieve fine management needs to be worked hard.
Trace elements, amino acids and vitamins are nutrients. At the same time, they also have special biological activities, which promote growth, promote digestion, disease resistance, disease prevention and anti-stress. Conversely, the environment, disease, production levels, etc. will change their needs. At present, the evaluation of the effects of various additives comes from the information or figures in journals, magazines, and networks. The efficacy of many additive products is only derived from a doctoral thesis, an experimental report, or even a foreign product. Instructions. Numerous data show that almost every additive can be used to improve: feed efficiency 5-20%; production level 5-20%; survival rate 2-10%, if 10 additives are used in the compound feed, is it OK? Improve: feed efficiency 50 ~ 200%, production level 50 ~ 200%, survival rate, 20 ~ 100%? What is the additive effect of additives? Enterprises do not personally understand the accurate effect of feed additives, feed product quality Optimized, and talk about the refinement of feed production technology management.
4, to achieve the standardization of feed product quality, the impact of feed processing on nutritional value must be clear
effect of processing on the nutritional value of feed and the effect of additives is unclear, and there is still a gap in the fine management of feed processing.
What is the purpose of feed processing? Is it for industrialized large-scale production? It is for the profit of feed enterprises? The real purpose should be to ensure a balanced supply of feed nutrients and active ingredients to animals, and a change in the nutritional value of feed. For example, many studies have shown that granulation can increase the dry matter digestibility of pigs on corn-soybean meal diet by 1 to 2.5% and vitamin K loss activity by 24 to 46% compared with powder. Every aspect of processing can change the nutrient utilization rate and additive efficacy, with positive and negative effects. How much energy and amino acid utilization can be improved? How much can the effects of various additives such as vitamins and enzymes affect? ​​What are the different effects of different process conditions? Processing can improve the utilization of feed, if it can be improved through the process. By increasing energy and protein by 1%, you can save 1% of your feed resources. Therefore, changing the feed processing technology is both open source and open source. The purpose of feed processing is not clear, and the impact of feed processing on the nutritional value of feeds and the efficacy of additives is not clarified, and the standardization of feed products and the refinement of production technology management are discussed.
5. Strengthen the awareness of independent research and development, promote cooperation and exchanges between enterprises, and take the road of independent research and development.
—— Gradually realize the optimization of formula, the minimization of cost, the standardization of production, and the fine management of compound feed production technology.
At present, there are many small and medium-sized enterprises in the feed industry in Shandong, and there are few large enterprises. Enterprises with independent research and development capabilities are rare. Most feed companies lack research conditions and lack of R&D personnel, and it is difficult for companies to innovate independently. However, the lack of awareness of independent research and development is the key. Most companies believe that research is a matter of state and experts, and enterprises are waiting for the transformation of results. However, carefully consider how many of the many peer experts are researching and developing the enterprise. Every year, the experts have identified many results. How many of them can be transformed into our company to reduce the cost of feed and improve the utilization rate of feed? Therefore, feed enterprise technology The cost reduction should come from the company's own investment in research costs. It can be imagined that if 1% of the sales revenue (which should be the proportion of hospitality) is included in the R&D plan, what will happen? Optimization, cost minimization, production standardization, and refined management of compound feed production technology.
Yang
Shandong Agricultural University College of Animal Science and Technology
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