What is quenching and what is hardenability?

Quenching: refers to the heat treatment process of heating the steel to a temperature above Ac3 or Ac1 (the lower critical temperature of the steel) for a certain period of time and then obtaining the martensite (or bainite) structure at an appropriate cooling rate. . Common quenching processes include salt bath quenching, martensite quenching, bainite austempering, surface quenching and partial quenching. The purpose of quenching: to obtain the desired martensite structure of the steel, improve the hardness, strength and wear resistance of the workpiece, and prepare the structure for the subsequent heat treatment.

Hardenability: refers to the characteristics of determining the hardening depth and hardness distribution of steel under specified conditions. The hardenability of the steel is good and poor, and it is usually expressed by the depth of the hardened layer. The greater the depth of the hardened layer, the better the hardenability of the steel. The hardenability of steel depends mainly on its chemical composition, especially the alloying elements and grain size with increased hardenability, heating temperature and holding time. The steel with good hardenability can obtain uniform and uniform mechanical properties of the whole section of the steel and quenching agent with small quenching stress of steel parts to reduce deformation and cracking.

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