Pepper is a common vegetable in life, and stem-based rot is a common disease in the process of pepper planting. This article will introduce the symptoms and control methods of pepper stem rot in detail for your reference.
Disease symptoms
The disease occurs mostly after the seedlings are planted. Dark brown irregular lesions appear at the base of the stem, which expand to the left and right, causing the basal cortex to become necrotic, shrinking and thinning, and the aboveground leaves are wilting and yellowing, and the whole plant is dead.
Law of onset
The pathogen is overwintered in the soil by hyphae or sclerotia. It is strong in saprophytic activity and can survive in soil for 2-3 years. The development temperature is 20-40 °C, the highest is 42 °C, and the lowest is 14-15 °C. Under suitable environmental conditions. Direct intrusion is harmful. The seedbed is warm and humid, the ventilation is not smooth, the seedlings are long, and the growth is weak, which is easy to cause disease.
Prevention
Before sowing, the seedbed should be poured through the bottom water once, generally 17-20 cm deep. After the water seeps, the bed is further covered with a layer of culture soil, about 8-10 cm thick, and scraped with a wooden ruler for bed soil treatment. According to the area per square meter, dilute 1000 times with 2-3 g of 50% lyophilized powder, and spray the culture soil thoroughly. After the soil on the ground is slightly dry, it can be sown according to the conventional method. The disease occurs mostly in the middle and late seedling stage, and time seedlings, transplanted seedlings, and cultivated strong seedlings. Spraying fungicide : 50% lyophilized wettable powder (see seedling disease); 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times solution; 80% Dasheng M-45 wettable powder 500 times solution.
Pathogen description
The pathogen is a fungus, and the Chinese name is Rhizoctoniasolani Kühn, which belongs to the subgenus. The primary hyphae are colorless, then turn yellow-brown, with a septum, 8-12 microns in diameter, the base of the branches becomes thinner, and the branches tend to be at right angles. The sclerotia is amorphous, light brown to dark brown. The sexual state is Thanatephoruscucumeris (Frank) Donk. It is called the melon, and belongs to the basidiomycete fungus. The spores are round and the size is 6-9×5-7 microns. The pathogens mainly spread and multiply by mycelium. The optimum temperature for growth and development is about 24 °C, and the highest is 40-42 °C.
When the pepper enters the early flowering stage, the plant grows faster, and the recent temperature changes, it is rainy and cloudy, and it is susceptible to stem-based rot. It starts from the seedling and is more serious after planting. It appears as a lesion on the base of the stem near the ground, and develops around the base of the stem, causing the cortex to rot. The upper part of the leaf gradually turns yellow, and gradually disappears due to lack of nutrients and water supply. The reason for this is that the soil is damp, and at the same time, the continuous accumulation of pathogens causes the wounds in the roots and stems to cause wounds. Chemical control: Aolic green lycopene 50ml with water 15kg, for root irrigation, 7 days irrigation, and even 2-3 times. If the pathogen is harmful to the aerial part at the same time, the root part should be filled at the same time, and the above ground part should be sprayed at the same time, once every 7 days. When spraying, every 15 kg of water can be added with Aoliq Green Kaplik 50ml+40ml Jinbei or Wo Feng Su.
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