Domestic automotive welding has undergone continuous exploration and technological improvement in the development process. From the initial simple manual welding to today's highly automated production lines, it has experienced a process from scratch to weakness.
In the process of exploring and using various welding methods, I also encountered many problems and summarized a lot of experience.
(1) Although multi-point welding has the advantage of high efficiency, there are problems of poor flexibility, difficult maintenance, and difficult adjustment of parameters;
(2) The manual arc welding method has the advantages of space saving, good penetration, easy operation (the welder can be used after simple training), low cost and high efficiency, but there are also poor weld formation, welding fumes, arcing Strong (poor to the worker's body), high limitation of use (only for thick plates), frequent replacement of the electrode, unstable parameters, etc., not suitable for bulk use in the factory;
(3) Power frequency spot welding machine is the largest spot welding equipment used by domestic manufacturers. However, with the rapid development of the automobile industry, higher requirements are placed on welding technology in terms of materials and structure. For example, galvanized steel sheets, rubber-coated steel sheets, multi-layer boards, and plates of different materials and materials are more and more welded. Under this circumstance, the problems and disadvantages of the power frequency welding machine are becoming more and more obvious, and it is increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of the welding process. It has the disadvantages of high energy consumption, narrow application range, unstable solder joints, large welding spatter, poor welding quality and medium frequency welding machine, and will be gradually replaced by medium frequency welding machine in the next few years.
There are many domestic manufacturers, overcapacity, product quality is uneven, mainly low-end products, and foreign products have a competitive advantage in price, the main customers are small-scale auto parts manufacturers.
(4) The rapid development of automation and industrial robots has enabled domestic automakers to update many automated production lines, as well as foreign countries, to improve production efficiency and welding quality. However, there are some problems when using welding robots in large quantities. From a dialectical point of view, no one is absolutely superior, and automation has its own problems.
For example, the automated production line must first fully consider the issue of flexibility, in order to facilitate the development and improvement of future models; equipment maintenance issues; spare parts management issues; automation talents configuration and training; therefore, when using large-scale automated production lines We need to pay more attention to the "logistics" support ability than in the past. These are the problems that many companies have neglected, and often they have gone a lot of detours to find a solution to the problem.
The increase in the degree of automation will be accompanied by an increase in costs and a decrease in the number of workers. The current situation in China is still a stage in which labor is cheaper. We need to develop automation according to the current situation of our own enterprises. At the same time, Chinese enterprises, especially large state-owned enterprises, also need to shoulder social responsibilities and provide a large number of employment opportunities for the society. Automated large-scale use means that more workers will be useless. These are all issues that companies should consider.
In summary, domestic companies still need a long way to go in welding technology. Compared with foreign technology and equipment, there are still many shortcomings. These are the next two years, including the next five years. Even ten years need to explore and work hard.
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