Soil-borne diseases in greenhouses or solar greenhouses planted for more than three years are becoming more and more serious, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, root-knot nematode diseases, soil compaction, acidification, and some plants can not find the cause after death, which is actually caused by soil salinization. Salt damage. In order to solve these problems, the use of lime nitrogen, soil disinfection in the summer facilities leisure, the use of summer high temperature + lime nitrogen + straw for soil disinfection. This method has been written into the “Working Regulations for the Production of Pollution-free Vegetables in Sunlight Greenhouses†by the Shandong Provincial Local Standards Law.
Specific methods: sprinkle ground straw or wheat straw (1 square meter sprinkle 1 kg) and lime nitrogen (1 square meter 0.1 kg) on ​​the surface, mix well with the soil (rotate twice with rotary tillage), ridge (ridge width) 60 cm, 40 cm high), covered with mulch, water in the ditch, sealed facilities and greenhouses. During the daytime, the surface temperature can reach 70 °C, and the temperature of 20 cm deep soil is 40-50 °C for 20-30 days, which can play the role of soil disinfection and salt reduction.
For plots with less than 20 cm of soil ploughing, soil stalks with heavy salinization, or root worms, which are commonly found in sheds, the soil must be deep-turned 30-40 cm before disinfection. Sprinkle with lime nitrogen, straw (wheat straw or corn stalk, or duck dung, feed the grass residue left in the cow, fresh melon beans and smashed vines), then sown twice, then ridge and cover the mulch (closed as strict as possible) ), watering, sealing the greenhouse, steaming at high temperature. Disinfection time can be from mid-June to the end of August. The higher the temperature, the better the insecticidal and sterilizing effect.
For wards and diseases where pests and pests are not too serious, or only dead cockroaches without root-knot nematodes, or sheds that have been strictly disinfected in the previous year, simple method can be adopted, and ridge-and-ridge alternate no-till method: deepen the original aisle 30 to 40 cm, the depth of the ditch is 25 to 30 cm, and the vegetable mash (including the diseased plant residue) is 2,000 to 3,000 kg/mu, or other straw (dry straw 600 to 1000 kg), etc., and the organic matter. Lime nitrogen (per 50 kg/mu) is applied to the ditch together with the organic fertilizer used in the lower crops. The sand is backfilled with the ridge back soil, and the lime nitrogen (15 kg/mu) is spread again after leveling. Cover the original ridge back soil to form a new ridge back, the original back becomes a ditch. Cover the mulch film, water, and suffocate for about 20 days. Pay attention to the cleaning of the shed film, maintain good light transmission and improve the disinfection effect. Uncover the film for 5 to 7 days, according to the sputum can be directly planted under the sorghum crop (soul, bean, heat-resistant cabbage, etc.), if planting summer and autumn 茬 crops do not need to apply other fertilizers can be directly planted. If disinfected in August and September, it is better to use the new shed film for good light transmission and obvious disinfection effect.
In addition, in the breeding of seedlings to prevent the infection of pathogenic bacteria, we must do a good job of disinfection of seedbed soil, or no soil seedlings. The bed soil is disinfected with lime nitrogen. The soil is 1 cubic meter per kilogram of disinfectant bed soil. The disinfectant and soil are mixed and piled up. The thin film cover is used for 7 to 10 days. After drying, the seedlings can be filled with nutrients. At the time of planting, the application of biological bacterial fertilizer, or the use of Kejingkang, OS-Stering for root irrigation or spraying, to promote root growth better. If avermectin is inoculated once in the more common area of ​​root-knot nematode, it will prevent the seedling from re-infecting during the transplanting operation, and the effect is better.
Note: When applying lime nitrogen, wear a mask, wear overalls, and stay away from the livestock living area. Do not drink alcoholic beverages for 24 hours to avoid adverse chemical reactions such as chest tightness and suffocation. If you are poisoned or mistreated, do not induce vomiting, you can drink plenty of water. If you are in contact with the skin, take off contaminated clothing, wash your skin, accidentally plunge into your eyes, rinse with plenty of water, or seek medical attention as soon as possible.
Specific methods: sprinkle ground straw or wheat straw (1 square meter sprinkle 1 kg) and lime nitrogen (1 square meter 0.1 kg) on ​​the surface, mix well with the soil (rotate twice with rotary tillage), ridge (ridge width) 60 cm, 40 cm high), covered with mulch, water in the ditch, sealed facilities and greenhouses. During the daytime, the surface temperature can reach 70 °C, and the temperature of 20 cm deep soil is 40-50 °C for 20-30 days, which can play the role of soil disinfection and salt reduction.
For plots with less than 20 cm of soil ploughing, soil stalks with heavy salinization, or root worms, which are commonly found in sheds, the soil must be deep-turned 30-40 cm before disinfection. Sprinkle with lime nitrogen, straw (wheat straw or corn stalk, or duck dung, feed the grass residue left in the cow, fresh melon beans and smashed vines), then sown twice, then ridge and cover the mulch (closed as strict as possible) ), watering, sealing the greenhouse, steaming at high temperature. Disinfection time can be from mid-June to the end of August. The higher the temperature, the better the insecticidal and sterilizing effect.
For wards and diseases where pests and pests are not too serious, or only dead cockroaches without root-knot nematodes, or sheds that have been strictly disinfected in the previous year, simple method can be adopted, and ridge-and-ridge alternate no-till method: deepen the original aisle 30 to 40 cm, the depth of the ditch is 25 to 30 cm, and the vegetable mash (including the diseased plant residue) is 2,000 to 3,000 kg/mu, or other straw (dry straw 600 to 1000 kg), etc., and the organic matter. Lime nitrogen (per 50 kg/mu) is applied to the ditch together with the organic fertilizer used in the lower crops. The sand is backfilled with the ridge back soil, and the lime nitrogen (15 kg/mu) is spread again after leveling. Cover the original ridge back soil to form a new ridge back, the original back becomes a ditch. Cover the mulch film, water, and suffocate for about 20 days. Pay attention to the cleaning of the shed film, maintain good light transmission and improve the disinfection effect. Uncover the film for 5 to 7 days, according to the sputum can be directly planted under the sorghum crop (soul, bean, heat-resistant cabbage, etc.), if planting summer and autumn 茬 crops do not need to apply other fertilizers can be directly planted. If disinfected in August and September, it is better to use the new shed film for good light transmission and obvious disinfection effect.
In addition, in the breeding of seedlings to prevent the infection of pathogenic bacteria, we must do a good job of disinfection of seedbed soil, or no soil seedlings. The bed soil is disinfected with lime nitrogen. The soil is 1 cubic meter per kilogram of disinfectant bed soil. The disinfectant and soil are mixed and piled up. The thin film cover is used for 7 to 10 days. After drying, the seedlings can be filled with nutrients. At the time of planting, the application of biological bacterial fertilizer, or the use of Kejingkang, OS-Stering for root irrigation or spraying, to promote root growth better. If avermectin is inoculated once in the more common area of ​​root-knot nematode, it will prevent the seedling from re-infecting during the transplanting operation, and the effect is better.
Note: When applying lime nitrogen, wear a mask, wear overalls, and stay away from the livestock living area. Do not drink alcoholic beverages for 24 hours to avoid adverse chemical reactions such as chest tightness and suffocation. If you are poisoned or mistreated, do not induce vomiting, you can drink plenty of water. If you are in contact with the skin, take off contaminated clothing, wash your skin, accidentally plunge into your eyes, rinse with plenty of water, or seek medical attention as soon as possible.
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