The main advantages of foliar fertilization are: rapid fertilizer effect, remarkable effect, labor saving and fertilizer, and not affected by soil fixation and root absorption function. The disadvantage is: it is greatly affected by wind, air humidity and temperature. Foliar fertilization can not only timely treat the deficiency of fruit trees, but also play a significant role in promoting leaf growth, extending leaf function and increasing photosynthetic efficiency.
First, fertilizer and fertilizer during type and concentration of
1. Before flowering after germination: It is mainly to promote the growth of leaves and new shoots, mainly by spraying nitrogen fertilizer. Such as: 0.3%-0.5% urea solution, 0.3%-0.5% ammonium sulfate solution, 0.3%-0.5% ammonium nitrate solution, 0.3% urea + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate NPK compound liquid fertilizer.
2, flowering fruit period: mainly to promote flowering and increase fruit set rate, can spray 0.1%-0.3% borax solution or 0.05%-0.15% boric acid solution 5-7 days before flowering, one week before flowering, after flowering A 0.05%-0.2% zinc sulphate solution is sprayed once a week, and 0.03%-0.07% of rare earth micro-fertilizer can be sprayed once during flowering and after flowering.
3, before fruit ripening and shoot maturity: mainly to promote fruit growth, increase fruit sugar content, prevent fruit, "water irrigation", promote photosynthesis, extend leaf life, promote shoot maturity and improve plant disease resistance. In this period, the top dressing of the roots was mainly phosphorus and potassium, and nitrogen fertilizer was applied.
Second, the production of leachate
1. Superphosphate leaching solution: Take 1 kg of superphosphate and add 5 kg of clear water, and dip for 12 hours to remove the liquid. When used, 50 kg of water per kilogram of filtrate can be used to obtain 2% of the leachate.
2, grass ash leaching solution: take 1 kg of grass ash with 5 kg of water, dip for 24 hours to filter the liquid. When used, 50 kg of water per kilogram of filtrate can be used to obtain 2% of the leachate.
3. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate leaching solution: fresh grass wood ash 5.5 kg mixed with superphosphate 2.5 kg, water 45 kg, soak for about 24 hours to filter the liquid, add 25 kg of water to the residue, soak for 10 hours to filter the liquid. The two filtrates were mixed and the leaves were sprayed with 100 kg of water.
4. Nitrogen and phosphorus mixture: One method is. Take 1 kg of calcium phosphate and add 5 kg of clear water, dip for 12 hours to filter the liquid, and add 2 kg of urea to the filtrate to prepare a stock solution. When used, it is sprayed with 50 kg of water per kilogram of stock solution. Another method is to take 1 kg of fully decomposed human excrement supernatant and spray with 50 kg of water.
Third, foliar fertilization time
Foliar fertilization should be selected on a cloudy or sunny day without wind, and sunny days should be carried out before 10 am or after 5 pm. The time interval between two foliar top dressings is generally about 15 days.
Fourth, the notes
1. Because within a certain range, the higher the temperature, the greater the humidity, the smaller the wind speed, the faster the blade absorbs, so the spray concentration should be reduced correspondingly in dense fog or dew. Strong winds and hot weather are not suitable. 2. Mainly spray the young leaves, young shoots and leaf back. 3. When spraying, the droplets should be fine and even, and it is better to drop the fertilizer without dripping. 4. When mixing a variety of fertilizers, pay attention to the nature of the fertilizer. Do not blindly mix. 5. Re-spray in the rain within 12 hours after spraying.
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