Fire safety measures for large construction projects

A special working group can be set up by the fire brigade and fire prevention experts to conduct extensive investigations on large-scale and special construction projects within the area, find out the base, sort out the types of buildings, sort them out, analyze the problems on a regular basis, and put forward fire-fighting design countermeasures.

(a) carry out extensive research.

A special working group can be set up by the fire brigade and fire prevention experts to conduct extensive investigations on large-scale and special construction projects within the area, find out the bottom, sort out the types of buildings, sort them out, analyze the problems on a regular basis, and put forward fire protection design countermeasures.

(b) Actively apply advanced equipment and technologies.

According to different architectural forms, different advanced equipments are used, such as super-high-rise dense areas with special services and aviation fire fighting stations, fire helicopters and fire fighting vehicles for super high-rise buildings; large-scale oil tanks use remote water supply systems for fire fighting and rescue. ,Using large flow fire blisters;railway traffic engineering and large underground construction with railroad dual-use and Land Rover and other underground construction special fire engines;Highway tunnels equipped with fire-fighting motorcycles and smoke-exiting fire trucks to facilitate the initial fire fighting equipment;in Zhoushan , Ningbo and other coastal strengthening of the construction of fire stations on the sea, equipped with fire-fighting boats and other equipment for the oil storage in the island of Suishui Island and fire protection at sea and other buildings. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the use of advanced technology in large-scale and special construction projects, such as strengthening the application of high-pressure water mist systems in subways and tunnels, and strengthening the use of fiber-optic temperature fire alarm detection systems in subways, tunnels, and large oil depots; The long highway tunnel is divided into several short tunnels using special light belts to relieve visual fatigue and ensure the safety of traffic; to promote the application of new types of fire protection materials in super high-rise buildings and underground buildings; to use the “atrium” and “inside patio” of large-scale commercial buildings. Regional promotion can automatically open the skylight. To promote the use of electrical fire limiting protection devices, to make up for the shortcomings of the traditional electrical fire monitoring equipment, such as the long time for short-circuit current limiting protection, and the large impact caused by short circuits, and to improve the monitoring of electrical fires.

(c) Formulate and improve the fire prevention and rescue plan.

Strengthen the construction of special firefighting teams, strengthen equipment and equipment for special equipment, and carry out simulation and adaptive training for large-scale and special construction projects for firefighting and rescue operations, and form the backbone of large-scale and special construction projects for firefighting and rescue. To study and formulate preplans for dealing with various types of emergencies under fire conditions, improve the combat capabilities of fire fighters and rescuers under conditions of high temperature, heavy smoke, and poisonous conditions, and standardize the corresponding disposal procedures. We often ask the government to organize multisectoral joint practical exercises to effectively improve the ability to extinguish fire and rescue.

(4) To formulate fire safety requirements higher than the national standards.

On the basis of investigations and field trips, it is possible to formulate fire safety standards that are higher than the current standards in the following areas by formulating local standards or issuing a normative document issued by the Provincial Department of Construction. One is the layout problem. As far as possible, limit the underground level 2 and below as commercial development space; limit the use of underground space as an entertainment venue; prohibit use of the underground 2 floors or below as an entertainment venue; increase the use of sunken squares in evacuation and firefighting and rescue; Use of refuge aisle in more than 20,000 square meters of separation. The second is the fire lane and fire truck climbing operation site settings. According to the current actual equipment of the firefighting force, the standards for the fire lane and fire truck climbing operation site should be properly improved. For some very large commercial buildings, fireproof partitions should be provided by setting the inner patio and the roof to open the sunroof, and the fire lanes entering the building should be set. , It is guaranteed that fire extinguishing operations can be carried out on the inner patio or openable skylights. The third is the problem of setting fire and rescue ports. In large-scale commercial complexes, mechanical exhaust fumes are generally installed. Natural smoke exhaust windows are no longer installed after compliance with the regulatory requirements, resulting in billboards on the facades. It is difficult to effectively save fires in case of fires. Fire extinguishing and rescue can be considered in each fire district. , and set it on a different exterior wall. The fourth is the practice of evacuation routes. The net width of the evacuation aisle should not be less than 1.4m. Fixed yellow markings should be used on both sides. Evacuation diversion marks should be set on the evacuation aisles to maintain visual continuity. The door encountered when the evacuation diversion mark is not evacuated or safe. When exiting, it is advisable to continuously indicate on the ground. Fifth, the allocation of fire facilities. For example, if different function sprays are used, different alarm valves are used to control, and the conditional area adopts fast-responding nozzles; the sixth is interior decoration materials. It may require that interior decoration materials for large buildings should be non-flammable or non-flammable materials.

(5) Carry out performance assessment and application of performance-based design techniques.

The architectural performance-based fire protection design can provide designers with an innovative platform that can make large-scale, complex, and special-purpose building fire protection design schemes more scientific and more reasonable. In the long run, building performance-based fire protection design is not only the complex and complex modern architecture, the rapid development of modern engineering technology, but also the systematic, scientific, and rational development space that emerges from its practice. Unmatched by design, it is an inevitable trend to solve the technical problems of complex building fire safety.

(6) To implement the daily management and personnel training system.

Most of the main causes of damage to fire facilities are caused by poor management. Therefore, we must formulate a fire safety management system, increase education and training, and prepare self-prevention plans. Such as smoking is prohibited; increase the frequency of inspections and inspections; increase the frequency of special inspections and inspections of fire protection facilities; control of flammable, flammable decoration materials; electric (gas) welding and other fire management; use of fire, electricity, gas management; Organize evacuation drills, etc.