Relevant experts believe that in the face of the international financial crisis and food security challenges, China should accelerate the industrialization of genetically modified food crops in order to alleviate the increasingly prominent "food hunger."
There are 25 countries that plant GM crops worldwide, 12 species, and 125 million hectares of planting area
The genetically modified technology that emerged in the 1980s was the transfer of a gene not possessed by a single biological species to the organism through special operations to produce the protein product coded by this gene. The biological characteristics of the species have been changed and crops have been increased. Yield and improve its quality.
According to the latest statistics released by the International Agency for the Application of Agricultural Biotechnology Applications (ISAAA) on the global development of genetically modified crop breeding, the number of countries that have planted GM crops globally in 2008 has increased to 25, and another 30 countries have approved GM products. The import or experimentation involved 12 crops such as corn, soybeans and cotton. The total planting area has reached 125 million hectares, which is 74 times that of the initial period of industrialization in 1996. The accumulated planting area has exceeded 800 million hectares in 12 years.
Huang Dazhao, a researcher at the Institute of Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that after more than 20 years of hard work, China has initially established a breeding system for transgenic crops from basic research, applied research, and product development. Taking insect-resistant cotton as an example, the research and development of genetically modified insect-resistant cotton with independent intellectual property rights is an example of China's independent development of agricultural genetically modified technologies and breaking the monopoly of transnational corporations. According to incomplete statistics, during the past 10 years of research and development of insect-resistant cotton, the state has invested about 3 billion yuan in total. By the end of 2007, 155 varieties of insect-resistant cotton were approved, and the area for popularization and application was 3.8 million hectares. The use of chemical pesticides was reduced by about 800,000 tons, and the increase in cotton farmers' production and production was more than 30 billion yuan.
The lessons learned from the lack of timely research and development of genetically modified soybeans in China have been profound. Domestic soybean product processing has been dominated by multinational companies.
It is understood that since China allowed the commercialization of genetically modified crops in the last century, the attitude and actions of the Chinese government have been cautious. To date, only transgenic cotton, tomatoes, sweet peppers, petunia flowers, poplars, and papaya have been approved, but not yet. Approves any staple food genetically modified crop. So far, only the crop of GM cotton has been widely planted, and China has been deterred from the commercialization of other transgenic crops such as rice, corn and soybeans.
Huang Dayuan said that in the research and development of genetically modified soybeans and competition in the grain and oil markets at home and abroad, China actually has profound lessons.
He said that China is the country of origin for soybean cultivation and was once also a major producer and exporter of soybean in the world. However, due to years of lack of support for the research and production of soybeans, especially the neglect of the development of genetically modified soybeans in recent years, it has led to the development of soybean technology in China. The production capacity has been severely declining. The annual output is only over 10 million tons, which is unable to adapt to the rapidly growing domestic demand for edible oil and feed products.
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