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First, the variety selection
Cucumbers in the greenhouse fall and winter are generally selected to have high temperature resistance in the early stage, and are resistant to cold, disease, high yield and good quality in the later stage. Such as Jinan Mia, Xintai Mia, Jinza No. 1, Jinza No. 2 and so on. It is also possible to use medium-late, high-yield and high-yield varieties, such as Jinyan No. 2 and Jinyou No. 4. Main and auxiliary cultivation with early-maturing varieties can not only be able to extend the supply period in the morning market, but also increase production.
Second, nursery time
Cucumbers are cultivated in greenhouses for autumn and winter, usually in the late July to early August. The appropriate calendar for colonization is 40 to 50 days old, and the physiological seedling age is four leaves and one heart. If it is calculated according to the calendar age, it will be planted 40 to 50 days after sowing.
Third, the way of raising seedlings
1. Plug seedlings: seedlings are grown in 50- or 72-well seedling trays. The matrix is ​​made of gas-permeable and water-permeable materials. The organic-rich materials, such as vermiculite and charcoal 1:2, can be added with certain fertilizers. . It is also possible to mix the clean sandy loam or humus soil with a small amount of decomposed and fine feces, and then sift it into the plate. It should not be filled or slightly shallow. Place the seed after germination in a hole, one hole per hole, then cover the substrate, pour water, spray with carbendazim and insecticide to kill and kill insects. 4000 plants per acre of field, requiring 80 to 100 grams of seeds.
2. Grafting seedlings: The greenhouse is continuous cropping all the year round. In order to prevent blight and winter cold damage, grafting is often used. Generally, black seed pumpkin or white seed pumpkin is used as rootstock, grafting and docking are used for grafting. After grafting, it is planted in the nursery, covered with arch shed after watering, covered with thin straw curtain or paper bag to shield the outside of the arch shed. The internal humidity is 90%~95%, the temperature is 25°C～30°C, and the straw curtain is opened in the morning and evening after three days, and it can be ventilated after one week. The grafted seedlings grow faster, the sowing time is the same as the regular date, but the germination rate of the black seed pumpkin is low, and the emergence time is longer. It should be planted 7 to 10 days earlier.
3. Live broadcast: Soaking seeds and germination before sowing, soaking seeds with warm water at 50 °C to promote water absorption and activation of seeds, and also play a bactericidal effect. When the water temperature drops to 30 °C, keep the temperature constant and continue to soak for 5-6 hours. After soaking seeds, wash the seeds gently, wrap them in clean gauze, keep germination at 30 °C, place them in bowls and porcelain plates, keep a certain temperature, and sown after two days and nights. 250 grams per mu, and 2 to 3 seeds per hole. Water after sowing, then cover with a mulch.
Fourth, post-production management
1. Anti-high temperature exposure. Use shade net to shade and prevent high temperature exposure.
2. Protect from the rain. When it rains, cover it with a film to prevent rain from entering the shed.
3. Cover the soil. When the seed is unearthed with a cap, it is necessary to cover the finely sifted soil in time to help the seed uncap. When the drought is long-term, it is necessary to cover the wet soil that has been screened in time to solve the soil drought. When the soil is too wet, it is necessary to cover the sieved dry fine soil in time to reduce the soil moisture.
4. Pest control. The spotted fly can be trapped by yellow plate, or sprayed with 1.8% Abatin EC 2000 times or spotted net 2000 times solution; the aphid can be sprayed with 2000 times liquid or Kangfudu 5 to 10 ml spray per acre. It can be used to prevent and control fog, deltamethrin, etc.; downy mildew can be controlled by chlorothalonil, Phytophthora, antivirus cockroach, metalaxyl manganese zinc, etc.; bacterial keratosis can kill 600-800 times Spray control; the disease is treated with Radomil or metalaxe 400-500 times spray; the blight is rooted with 10% double-effect spirit 200 times solution or 50% methyl thiophanate 400 times solution, or with bacteria 4 kilograms of spirits are mixed with fine soil and planted in the field.
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