The preferential policy provides a good development environment for the mold industry. Under the guidance of national industrial policies and related supporting policies, in recent years, many localities have successively introduced some preferential policies to support the development of the local mold industry. Some have been seen in documents, and some have been seen in action. excellent results. At the same time, the rapid development of the mold industry has also promoted the prosperity of the local economy. With the increasing frequency of exchanges between localities, it is believed that the favorable policies for the development of the mold industry and the resulting good development environment will be further developed.
The internal system reform and mechanism transformation of the mold industry accelerated, the industrial structure became more rational, and management was strengthened and the level was improved. In order to adapt to the situation, China's mold industry has accelerated the pace of system reform and mechanism transformation in recent years. The “three-capital†and private enterprises have occupied the leading position in the industry, and the equipment level and product level have been greatly improved, and management has made great progress. . Many companies have applied CAD/CAM/CAE integration technology, 3D design technology, information management technologies such as ERP and IM3, and many high-tech technologies such as high-speed machining, rapid prototyping, virtual simulation and network technology. Many companies have proposed “productionâ€. Enterprise development strategies such as specialization, product branding, enterprise modernization, and market internationalization. Companies that have passed various quality system certifications are more than a year.
Economies of scale produce benefits, and mold cluster production is developing rapidly. At the same time as the "small but fine" specialization continues to develop, in recent years, the scale effect has been paid more and more attention. In addition to making enterprises stronger and bigger, and making economies of scale produce benefits, mold cluster production also shows its superiority. Therefore, various types of cluster production such as “Mould Cityâ€, “Mould Park†and “Mold Production Base†are in the country. Rapid development. According to many companies, cluster production has at least the following advantages compared with decentralized production: the market is broader, collaboration is more convenient, production costs are reduced, mutual exchanges are more, and preferential policies are enjoyed. At present, there are more than 40 enterprises with an annual output of more than 100 million yuan in molds, more than 200 enterprises with more than 30 million yuan, and nearly 10 “mold cities†with a certain scale, which are under construction or under construction. There are more than a dozen. The construction of these mold agglomeration production bases has played a positive role in promoting the development of China's mold industry.
Many companies have begun to recognize the importance of “brands†and “patentsâ€, and their capital investment and capabilities for independent innovation are constantly improving. For a long time, molds have been in the “rear†and “passive†positions, so there are few “brands†and “patentsâ€. With the development of the market economy, enterprises have paid more and more attention to "brands" and "patents" in recent years. Some companies have recognized the importance of innovative R&D and their investment has increased rapidly. According to the information learned by China Die & Mould Industry Association, in recent years, the ratio of investment and sales revenue of many enterprises in innovation and research and development has reached 5%, and individual enterprises have even reached 8% to 10%.
The technical content of molds is constantly improving, and more and more molds belonging to high-tech products. It is understood that there are currently four types of molds that have been listed in the "China High-tech Products Export Catalogue" by relevant state departments. In fact, there are already many molds with more than four kinds of molds, such as auto parts progressive molds, precision multi-station progressive molds, large complex cover stamping dies for cars, automated automotive interior parts casting molds, high strength. Plate hot pressing forming molds, etc. With the development of high technology, more and more mold manufacturing enterprises have been identified as high-tech enterprises by relevant government departments at all levels. According to the preliminary statistics of the China Model Association, there are currently 7 state-level high-tech enterprises in the mold industry, and nearly 100 provincial and municipal high-tech enterprises.
The trend of international mold capital transfer to China is very obvious, and the prospect of mold export is very good. Because China's molds, especially medium and low-grade molds, have a large price advantage in the international market, some mold prices are even only a fraction of the international market, plus China's low-quality labor resources and better. The technical basis and basic supporting facilities, in recent years, the foreign investment in China's mold industry is larger than one year, and there are more and more multinational companies purchasing molds in China.
Unfavorable factors
Although China's mold industry has entered the fast lane of development, it still cannot meet the needs of China's manufacturing industry because of its large gap in terms of accuracy, longevity, manufacturing cycle and capacity compared with international standards and advanced industrial countries. . Especially in the precision, large, complex, long-life molds, still in short supply. Therefore, a large amount of imports are required each year.
At this stage, the prices of mold raw materials and personnel wages continue to rise, but the price of molds does not rise and fall, resulting in the continuous decline in the profits of mold companies, some companies have suffered losses, and the loss has increased. According to the China Die & Mould Industry Association survey of 270 major mold manufacturers in the country, the profit margin of output value in 2005 decreased by 2.1 percentage points over the previous year, and the profit margin of sales revenue decreased by 3.1 percentage points from the previous year. The annual loss of enterprises above designated size reached 260 million yuan in 2005, a substantial increase. This trend is still continuing.
The dependence on foreign capital has increased year by year. After China’s accession to the WTO, it has been six years since the rapid development of foreign trade, and the dependence of China’s economy on foreign trade has risen from 30% to 70%. At the same time, in recent years, it is the period when foreign capital has entered China in large numbers. With the continuous expansion and deepening of the policy of opening up to the outside world, foreign investment in China's mold industry has also increased, and the dependence on foreign capital has also increased year by year. For example, Guangdong Province is China's largest mold province, and its production capacity accounts for about 40% of the country. Among the province's mold production capacity, foreign-funded enterprises account for about 60%, and joint ventures account for about 10%. The province's mold exports account for about 50% of the country's total, of which foreign exports, joint ventures also account for the majority of their exports. The dependence on foreign capital and foreign trade will have a major impact on the safety of the industry and the economic security of the entire country.
The shortage of talent is increasingly prominent. Although the workforce of the mold industry in China has developed rapidly in recent years, it is estimated that it has reached nearly one million people, but it still cannot keep up with the development needs of the industry. First, the total amount is insufficient. Second, the quality is not enough to adapt to the needs of the development of the industry. According to relevant information, the number of employees in the national mold industry is about 300,000 to 500,000, of which engineering and technical personnel account for about 20%. At present, it is especially difficult for high-quality and high-level mold enterprise managers and middle and high-level technicians and senior technical workers.
Market competition has intensified. China's mold market competition is intensifying, and its performance is that the price of mold products has been declining year after year. The middle and high-end mold market is mainly the competition between key key enterprises in China and overseas enterprises and domestic “three-capital†enterprises. The middle and low-end mold market is mainly competition among private enterprises. Some have entered the disordered state, to the point of disrupting the normal market order. The low quality that is inevitably caused by too low prices has seriously affected the survival of some enterprises, forcing some enterprises to accelerate the adjustment of their positioning, and it is not surprising that a few enterprises are facing the situation of being eliminated. Although the growth rate of mold exports in recent years is greater than the increase in imports every year, the absolute increase is still greater than the export, which makes the trade deficit of molds one year larger than one year. There are two main reasons for the increase in the foreign trade deficit of the mold: First, the sustained rapid development of the national economy, especially the rapid development of automobile enterprises has brought about a strong demand for molds. Some high-end molds cannot be produced domestically, so they have to import, but there are some The molds that can be produced in China are also imported, which is related to China's current tariff policy and project approval system. Second, the incentive for mold exports is not enough.
At present, the scale of global manufacturing transfer has been increasing, and the speed has been accelerating, and it is extending in depth and breadth. China's mold manufacturing industry is an ideal place to undertake transfer. In addition, during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the state will continue to vigorously support the development of China's mold industry. Under the favorable conditions, the future of China's mold industry will show a beautiful scene.
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