On July 27th, the meteorological department of Guyuan City, Ningxia released information on the recent weather: since July, Guyuan City has high temperature and rare precipitation, and severe meteorological drought has occurred in most areas; plus strong convective weather activities, hail disaster weather Constantly, Guyuan faces the double disaster of hail and drought.
According to the monitoring of the meteorological department, since July 1, the average temperature of counties (districts) in Guyuan City has been 1°C higher than that of the same period of the previous year. The precipitation is 20% to 57% less than the same period of the previous year. Most of the city The soil moisture content in the area decreased significantly, and the drought situation showed an increasing trend. The meteorological drought degree in most areas has reached severe drought. In mid-July, affected by warm and high pressure, there was continuous high temperature and low rainfall, which caused the evaporation of farmland and crop transpiration to increase. Especially in the northern part, there were 3 to 5 cm thick dry soil layers, and some areas suffered from extreme drought. In addition, due to the influence of high temperature weather, strong convective meteorological activities are frequent, resulting in increased severe weather such as hail. According to the technical staff of the meteorological department, since the beginning of July, there have been four hail disasters in Guyuan City, which is higher than the same period of the previous year, which makes the drought-stricken crops worse. Drought and hail have affected the flax in the positive filling stage, the mulched corn in the jointing stage, the potato in the flowering stage, and the late autumn crops such as scorpions, millet and buckwheat grown in the seedling stage, and the normal growth of pasture.
To this end, the industry has compiled corn drought resistance technology, mainly technical points: (1) seed treatment. The corn seed is coated with a drought-resistant composite seed coating agent to enhance the vitality and self-resistance of the root system and improve the water absorption and water retention of the seed. The seed is subjected to drought-resistance exercise before sowing, and the corn seeds are soaked in warm water of 20 to 25 ° C for two days and nights, and then dried and soaked to improve drought resistance. The medicine soaking method has a good effect on the drought-resistant seedling of corn. (2) Site preparation. Use wheat straw to reduce water evaporation, keep air from settling water, and improve soil moisture. (3) Sowing. Including rain-resistant drought sowing method, dry-wet method, dry seeding method, membrane side seeding method, straw (plastic nutrition plate), water storage nutrition, drought-resistant seedling method, rainwater-saving membrane side cultivation method, etc. (4) Formula fertilization. Add organic fertilizer and apply it together with chemical fertilizers to achieve water transfer by fertilizer, coordinate water and fertilizer, and improve water use efficiency. (5) Suitable interplanting and avoiding drought during the period.
Using the characteristics of drought tolerance of maize seedlings, the wheat field intercropping is carried out so that the water requirement of corn is basically consistent with the natural precipitation, which can basically meet the water demand of corn growth and development. Generally implemented after a rain, it is conducive to emergence; after emergence, it often encounters drought. This period of drought has little effect on corn seedlings, because the corn leaf area is small and requires less water. Its role in promoting root growth, enhancing absorption and improving resilience. When the flood season comes, the corn has entered the big bell stage. The vegetative growth and reproductive growth are the most demanding periods. At this time, there is generally more rainfall, which can meet the needs of corn. At the same time, the intercropping of corn not only avoids the "buds", but also prolongs the growth period, and can fully exert the yield increasing potential of the mid-late ripening large-earth corn varieties, and obtain high yield. (6) Comprehensive measures for water storage and conservation. Applying organic fertilizer to the organic fertilizer to protect the wheat field in the intercropping of corn, wheat straw covered with wheat straw between the rows of wheat straw has an important role in water conservation and fertility. (7) Strengthen field management and enhance drought resistance. Loose soil, weeding, improve soil permeability, increase soil microbial activity, reduce surface water evaporation, reduce surface runoff, promote root growth, and improve corn drought resistance. The fertilization or fertilization of the seedlings is fertilized, and the roots are stretched to the underside of the fertilizer, which promotes the development of the root system, improves the drought resistance, and achieves the rooting effect of spring seedlings. (8) Apply new technology to enhance the drought resistance of corn. The corn drought-resistant and yield-increasing agent is a new product consisting of super absorbent materials, containing various trace elements, plant growth regulators, insecticides and fungicides. It can absorb deep soil moisture and reduce water transpiration and leakage. A small reservoir is formed around the root of the crop, and it has a slow release property for the crop to absorb and utilize.
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