Professor Wang Weichao of the School of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering of Nankai University and Prof. Yao Yan of the University of Houston have made a breakthrough in the research and development of metal-air batteries. The successful application of manganese-based mullite as a catalyst to magnesium air cells has greatly reduced costs. Improve the efficiency of magnesium air battery.
Metal air battery is a kind of special fuel cell which uses metal as fuel and reacts with oxygen in air to produce electric energy. It has the advantages of rich raw materials, high energy density, light weight, safety and environmental protection, etc. It is called the most developed in the 21st century. One of the green energy prospects.
However, in metal air batteries, the oxygen reduction (ORR) catalyst directly determines the electrical conversion efficiency, battery cost, and lifetime. The traditional ORR catalysts are mainly noble metals and metal chelates, but the precious metal reserves are limited and the cost is too high. There are fewer metal chelate compounds and the preparation process is complicated. The search for a catalyst that is inexpensive and has good catalytic activity for oxygen reduction is a key issue in the development of metal air batteries, and it is also a key factor restricting its wide application in electric vehicles and other fields.
“Mullite is a type of ceramic material. Almost no one had thought of using it as a catalyst for metal-air batteries before,†said Wang Weichao, who discovered in an experiment four years ago that he was converting nitric oxide to two. In the process of nitric oxide, manganese-based mullite material shows excellent catalytic effect.
Based on such findings, Wang Weichao and Professor Yao Yan from the University of Houston form a joint research team. After extensive experiments and theoretical studies, they finally succeeded in applying manganese-based mullite materials as ORR catalysts for magnesium air batteries for the first time. In a neutral solution of sodium chloride (NaCl), the ORR reaction overpotential reached 0.78V. It is already close to the noble metal platinum catalyst performance (0.7V) and the material stability is superior to that of precious metals.
"Previously using platinum, the price of grams, 1 gram is at least 200 yuan. Now use mullite to count tons. And because mullite is more stable, you can repeat more reactions, which means that the battery life This is the first application of mullite materials in metal air batteries, which has opened up new opportunities for new applications of mullite materials in electrochemistry,†said Professor Yao Yan.
The paper introducing the results of this collaboration has been published online by the internationally renowned academic journal Nano Energy. (Zhang Jianxin, Wu Junhui)
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