A Japanese company will start producing a new generation of biodiesel fuel (BDF) as a substitute for gasoline in the United States in 2014. Since there is no need to use food grains such as soybeans, the fuel cost will be reduced by 30% compared with the past, and the product will be sold to the US oil giant. Biodiesel fuel is highly anticipated as an alternative to fossil fuels. However, due to fluctuations in grain prices, stable supply of raw materials is difficult. The company has developed technology that can extract biodiesel fuel without using food, and will expand its business in Asia in the future.
Biodiesel fuels are generally extracted from vegetable oils such as soybeans and rapeseed, and then mixed with gasoline for diesel vehicles. As plants absorb carbon dioxide during the growth process, even if carbon dioxide is released during combustion, it will not result in a net increase in carbon dioxide, which can reduce the environmental load compared with fossil fuels.
The raw materials used by Japanese companies to refine biodiesel fuels are byproducts produced when bioethanol is used as a substitute for gasoline. These by-products were conventionally used as feed or discarded. In the past, such low-quality raw materials contained a lot of impurities, so that it was difficult to extract biodiesel fuel. The company has developed a technology that effectively uses special catalysts to remove impurities and has obtained high-quality biodiesel fuel.
At present, most of biofuel raw materials are edible soybean oil. Not only is the cost high, but once the expansion of fuel production leads to soaring cereal prices, which may exacerbate food shortages in developing countries.
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