According to the latest final value data of the HSBC Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), in September this year, Chinese companies' new export orders hit their biggest decline in 42 months. Affected by this, domestic manufacturing output recorded the largest decline since March, and manufacturing purchases fell for the fifth consecutive month, and the rate of decline was the largest since February. The European and American countries that have gradually drifted away from the virtual economy have had to rush to reflect on their own economic growth model, thus opening the curtain of "re-industrialization." In the past year, not only did the United States put forward the strategic policy of “returning to manufacturingâ€, but the EU and Japan also introduced strong policies to revive the manufacturing industry. At the same time, developing countries such as Vietnam and India have also accelerated the pace of economic restructuring and industrial upgrading. In the future, China's manufacturing industry will have to withstand the dual forces of “re-industrialization†in developed countries and accelerated catch-up in emerging market countries. According to a report by the Boston Consulting Group on "Manufacturing to Return to the United States", China's unit labor cost as a percentage of US unit labor costs will rise from 3% in 2000 to 17% in 2015. This growing process means that China's low-cost labor advantage relative to the US will gradually lose, from the current 55% to 39% in 2015. The Boston Consulting Group believes that the large domestic market in developed countries, the popularity of capital-intensive industries and the huge pool of talent will ensure that it will become a rising force in the world's manufacturing industry; this global manufacturing reshuffle is still very much The primary stage will become more and more significant in the next five years. "China's manufacturing industry is facing tremendous pressure. On the one hand, domestic industrial construction has put forward new technical requirements for the manufacturing industry. On the other hand, the impact of high-quality and low-price goods in the international manufacturing market. China's manufacturing industry has already felt strongly. Unprecedented surprises.†Luo Baihui, CEO of Jinmo Machine Tool Network, said that there is a certain gap between China’s manufacturing industry and developed countries in terms of value-added. From the perspective of the intermediate input contribution factor, the intermediate input of one unit value in developed countries can be roughly Get 1 unit or more of new creation value, and China can only get 0.56 units of new creation value. In order to boost manufacturing, developed countries are also tilting toward manufacturing in terms of taxation, foreign trade and investment policies. The EU has increased the amount of support for manufacturing R&D in the fiscal year 2013 budget plan, and the US government will spend huge sums of money on Ohio established a manufacturing innovation institute jointly built by the government and the private sector. Japan has strong support for domestic manufacturing exports through massive and frequent foreign exchange market interventions. It is worth noting that the “re-industrialization†strategy of developed countries has caused the withdrawal of international capital from China. Since March of this year, US consumer goods giant Garton, construction machinery company Caterpillar, sporting goods manufacturer Adidas, Ford Motor Company and Starbucks Group have transferred all or part of their products from China to the United States. According to the latest estimates of the Boston Consulting Group, 15% of US companies will “return†from China to the US in the next five years. It is particularly important to emphasize that the impact of “re-industrialization†in countries such as Europe and the United States does not stop at the withdrawal of Chinese manufacturing capital. Since the “re-industrialization†of developed countries is aimed at the construction of high-end manufacturing industry and its competitive advantages, China is also undergoing industrial restructuring and industrial upgrading from the low-end to the mid-end and high-end, and the two sides will inevitably produce industries. In the new "intersection" of the field, the competition faced by China's manufacturing industry in the high-end manufacturing field will become more intense in the future. Chinese manufacturing has also experienced brutal squeeze from emerging Asian markets in the traditional low-end sector. According to a report by the Boston Consulting Group, labor costs in China are already higher than in seven other Asian countries. Vietnam's production costs are 15% to 30% lower than China's, Indonesia is 40% lower than China's, and Bangladesh, which has the lowest labor costs, only It is 1/5 of China. Affected by this, Ito Yokado has planned to transfer 75% of its production capacity in China to Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand. Aishikes and Mizuno also reduced the proportion of sports products such as sports shoes in China, while expanding in Vietnam and Indonesia. Production scale. The pressure on trade frictions encountered by China's manufacturing industry has also increased. According to the data, in the first eight months of this year, while the trade remedy cases initiated by China's peripheral economies hit a record high, the number of trade friction cases against developing countries in China accounted for 17% of the total number of cases in the world in 2002. Soared to 36%. Coupled with the obstacles that may be encountered in the high-end field, the future of China's manufacturing industry will be extremely difficult. According to data released by the China Enterprise Confederation, the international operation of Chinese companies is still in its infancy, and the average cross-country index of 100 multinational companies in 2011 is only 12.93%, far lower than the 26.25% of the world's top 100 multinational companies. The average level is also lower than the 38.95% level of the top 100 multinational companies in developing countries. At present, the numerical control rate of the output value of metal cutting machine tools in China is 55%, but it is 30% lower than that of South Korea's 88%. The level of CNC lathes and machining centers produced in Korea is slightly higher than that of Chinese products. However, at present, China's beds are still dominated by economy, and the added value of products is very low. However, Luo Baihui said that Chinese companies also have their own unique advantages, such as they have many years of traditional machine tool production base, and at the same time have a certain amount of technical accumulation in a certain manufacturing process, especially the mechanical precipitation of castings/forgings in mechanical parts, financing channels. A wide range of enterprises with a certain traditional market share and capital accumulation can set up large enterprise groups in advance, and absorb and digest foreign relatively advanced technologies through acquisition and holding. Therefore, Chinese enterprises need to seize good development opportunities, strengthen independent innovation, improve the level of technology and industrialization, and actively explore emerging markets in order to cope with future market competition. At present, China's machine tool enterprises lack the awareness and ability of independent innovation and basic theoretical research, which restricts the development of China's machine tool technology. Luo Baihui believes that to change this situation, it is necessary to deeply study the characteristics and requirements of the user industry's product technology, combined with the process. Features Develop high-level processing equipment, but also pay attention to the study of basic theoretical work, so that China's machine tool industry will have better development in the near future.
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