At present, the global fasteners are mainly used in the automotive industry, electronic industry and construction and maintenance industries. Among them, the automotive industry is the largest user, with the demand accounting for approximately 23.2% of the total sales of fasteners; followed by the maintenance of the industrial market and the construction industry, accounting for about 20% of the total sales of fasteners; and the third is the electronics industry, accounting for about 16.6% of total sales of fasteners.
From the perspective of industry ownership, the fastener industry was a separate industry subcategory before 2002, but in 2003 it began to be merged into an industry subcategory according to the new “National Economic Industry Classification†and “Fasteners and Spring Manufacturingâ€. Because the number of spring manufacturing companies and the total economic volume are relatively small, it is difficult to remove them from the fastener industry. Therefore, in the actual analysis of the development of the fastener industry, some data will not be springs. Manufacturing companies to remove. The category corresponding to "Fasteners and Springs Manufacturing" is "General Parts Manufacturing and Mechanical Repair", and the corresponding industry category is "General Equipment Manufacturing."
With the continuous promotion of the process of revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry in China and the accelerating pace of industrial upgrading, the integration of the fastener industry in China and the economies of various countries in the world continues to accelerate. This has made more and more demands on the product quality and technical level of the fastener industry in China. The high demand for whether the fastener industry can continuously improve its overall level not only concerns whether it can shorten the overall gap between China's automobiles, major technical equipment and foreign advanced levels, but also relates to the development level of the entire national economy, including people’s lives. .
Development Status of Fastener Industry in the Whole Country and the Whole Country (1) Development Status of National Fastener Industry China is a big country of fastener production. There are more than 7,000 fastener companies in China, and the fastener production in 2007. It has reached 5.25 million tons, accounting for a quarter of the world's fastener production, and its output has ranked first in the world for many years. However, at present, most fasteners produced in China are low-strength, low-grade products, of which 8.8 The following ordinary low-grade standard fasteners account for about 45% - 50%.
According to statistics from statistical agencies above and below the scale of statistical agencies (including spring enterprises and not eliminating the value of fasteners unless otherwise specified), in 2007 there were 1,797 fastener enterprises above designated size in China, with total assets of 53.229 billion yuan, of which total fixed assets totaled 17.051 billion yuan; The average number of employees reached 198,800, and the industrial output value reached 69,384 million yuan throughout the year, of which the new product output value was 2.684 billion yuan; the industrial sales value was 67.654 billion yuan, of which the export delivery value was 21.078 billion yuan; The business income was 67.969 billion yuan; the profits and taxes were 5.714 billion yuan, of which the total profit was 3.689 billion yuan. It can be seen that the value of the non-fastener industry in the fastener industry in China has reached a considerable proportion (over 30%), and according to the caliber of fastener companies above the scale of the Bureau of Statistics, the number of fastener companies in the country in 2004 was An economic survey resulted in an increase of more than 75% in the number of fastener enterprises and economic output in China this year. This means that the average growth rate of the total economic output of fastener industry in China exceeded 35% in 2002-2007. If we eliminate this factor, the average economic growth rate of the fastener industry in China in recent years is 24%.
1. Composition of economic types According to statistics of fastener enterprises above designated size in 2007, the largest proportion of fastener entrepreneurs in China is private enterprises, accounting for 60.21%, followed by foreign-invested enterprises, accounting for 19.2%, and The proportion of limited companies is third, accounting for 15.97%, state-owned and collective enterprises only 4.62%, the smallest proportion. If the number of companies under the scale is also counted, the proportion of private entrepreneurs will be greater.
From the point of view of value, although the order of the proportions remains unchanged, the specific values ​​have undergone major changes. Taking the main business income as an example, the proportion of private enterprises has dropped to 44.94%, while the proportion of foreign-invested enterprises has increased significantly. Increased to reach 32.61%, the proportion of shares and limited companies also increased, but the increase was modest, accounting for 18.69%; while the proportion of total profits, foreign-invested enterprises far exceeded private companies, reaching 44.48%, the proportion of private enterprises This is 36.13%, which just reflects the characteristics of China's fastener industry with a large number, small scale, and overall strength. The technical advantages, product advantages and market advantages of fastener companies are mainly concentrated in foreign-invested enterprises.
2. Regional distribution The regional distribution of fastener enterprises in China is very concentrated. From the perspective of the statistics of large-scale enterprises in 2007, the three provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Delta, “Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shanghaiâ€, have concentrated nearly 70% of the country’s Firmware enterprises and 65% of the total economic output of fasteners, of which Zhejiang Province has the largest share, accounting for 44.91% of the total number of companies, main business revenue accounted for 37.02%, followed by Jiangsu Province, accounting for 14.97% of the company's total. Business income accounted for 18.34%, Shanghai accounted for 9.02%, and main business income accounted for 12.09%. In addition, Guangdong Province, Shandong Province, Hebei Province, and Liaoning Province also have a certain number of fastener companies and economic aggregates.
3. New Product Development Since most of the fastener products are produced in large quantities according to uniform standards, the number of new product developments in the fastener industry is not large. The main purpose is to change the internal composition of the used materials and improve tightness. The mechanical properties of the firmware, such as its strength and life, or the development of various special fasteners. The output value of new products accounts for 4% of the total industrial output value. In 2007, the output value of new products of fastener enterprises above the scale was 2.684 billion yuan, and the output value of new products was 3.87%. However, as users continue to increase the demand for fastener products, the strength of new product development in the fastener industry is also increasing, high-strength large fasteners, high temperature fasteners, low-temperature fasteners and various types of special Fasteners have been introduced,
Export situation China is not only a major producer of fasteners, but also a major exporter. At present, it has exported fasteners to more than 50 countries (regions), among which exports to the European Union, the United States, and Australia are the largest and exports to the top six countries. The region is the largest in the United States, second in Germany, third in Japan, fourth in the United Kingdom, fifth in Italy, and sixth in Hong Kong. The sum of exports to the United States, Germany, and Japan accounts for one-third of total exports. . In 2007, China exported a total of 2.57 million tons of fasteners, which accounted for 48.95% of the current year's output. However, China’s exports of fasteners are still mainly medium and low-strength fasteners, and export orders are confusing, and export volume has grown too fast. Export time and export countries are too concentrated, low prices, high value-added products, which often trigger some trade frictions such as anti-dumping.
Fig. 6 shows the growth of fasteners in China in recent years. Fig. 7 shows the average unit price and trends of the export fasteners and imported fasteners in China in recent years. It can be seen from Fig. 7 that in recent years, China has seen The ratio of the unit price of imported fastener products to the unit price of exports has been increasing. The ratio in the past two years actually exceeded 8 times. In 2007, 56.95% of the foreign exchange earned through the use of fasteners was imported, which was equivalent to only 6.81% of the export volume. The fasteners, we can see that China's fastener industry is still a developing industry, large but not strong, and the United States, Japan, Europe, the difference between the developed countries.
5. Financial performance In recent years, the asset-liability ratio of the fastener industry in China has been below 60%, and the liabilities are at a reasonable level, but the current ratio is between 1.1 and 1.2, and the quick ratio is between 0.8 and 0.9. The liquidity of funds or short-term solvency is generally the same; in recent years, the value-added of the industry in China's fastener industry is between 24% and 26%, and in 2007 it was 25.5%, which is lower than the national machinery industry's added value (26.55 The average level of %), profit rate of main business income is about 5% and 6%, and it is 5.43% in 2007, which is also lower than the average profit rate of the main business of the machinery industry (6.4%), and has declined year by year. Trend, the profit rate of industrial cost is between 5% and 7%, and in 2007 it is 5.96%, which is lower than the average level of 6.93% of the national machinery industry. It can be seen that the ability to create new value and profitability of the fastener industry in China still need further development. Enhanced.
From the perspective of industry ownership, the fastener industry was a separate industry subcategory before 2002, but in 2003 it began to be merged into an industry subcategory according to the new “National Economic Industry Classification†and “Fasteners and Spring Manufacturingâ€. Because the number of spring manufacturing companies and the total economic volume are relatively small, it is difficult to remove them from the fastener industry. Therefore, in the actual analysis of the development of the fastener industry, some data will not be springs. Manufacturing companies to remove. The category corresponding to "Fasteners and Springs Manufacturing" is "General Parts Manufacturing and Mechanical Repair", and the corresponding industry category is "General Equipment Manufacturing."
With the continuous promotion of the process of revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry in China and the accelerating pace of industrial upgrading, the integration of the fastener industry in China and the economies of various countries in the world continues to accelerate. This has made more and more demands on the product quality and technical level of the fastener industry in China. The high demand for whether the fastener industry can continuously improve its overall level not only concerns whether it can shorten the overall gap between China's automobiles, major technical equipment and foreign advanced levels, but also relates to the development level of the entire national economy, including people’s lives. .
Development Status of Fastener Industry in the Whole Country and the Whole Country (1) Development Status of National Fastener Industry China is a big country of fastener production. There are more than 7,000 fastener companies in China, and the fastener production in 2007. It has reached 5.25 million tons, accounting for a quarter of the world's fastener production, and its output has ranked first in the world for many years. However, at present, most fasteners produced in China are low-strength, low-grade products, of which 8.8 The following ordinary low-grade standard fasteners account for about 45% - 50%.
According to statistics from statistical agencies above and below the scale of statistical agencies (including spring enterprises and not eliminating the value of fasteners unless otherwise specified), in 2007 there were 1,797 fastener enterprises above designated size in China, with total assets of 53.229 billion yuan, of which total fixed assets totaled 17.051 billion yuan; The average number of employees reached 198,800, and the industrial output value reached 69,384 million yuan throughout the year, of which the new product output value was 2.684 billion yuan; the industrial sales value was 67.654 billion yuan, of which the export delivery value was 21.078 billion yuan; The business income was 67.969 billion yuan; the profits and taxes were 5.714 billion yuan, of which the total profit was 3.689 billion yuan. It can be seen that the value of the non-fastener industry in the fastener industry in China has reached a considerable proportion (over 30%), and according to the caliber of fastener companies above the scale of the Bureau of Statistics, the number of fastener companies in the country in 2004 was An economic survey resulted in an increase of more than 75% in the number of fastener enterprises and economic output in China this year. This means that the average growth rate of the total economic output of fastener industry in China exceeded 35% in 2002-2007. If we eliminate this factor, the average economic growth rate of the fastener industry in China in recent years is 24%.
1. Composition of economic types According to statistics of fastener enterprises above designated size in 2007, the largest proportion of fastener entrepreneurs in China is private enterprises, accounting for 60.21%, followed by foreign-invested enterprises, accounting for 19.2%, and The proportion of limited companies is third, accounting for 15.97%, state-owned and collective enterprises only 4.62%, the smallest proportion. If the number of companies under the scale is also counted, the proportion of private entrepreneurs will be greater.
From the point of view of value, although the order of the proportions remains unchanged, the specific values ​​have undergone major changes. Taking the main business income as an example, the proportion of private enterprises has dropped to 44.94%, while the proportion of foreign-invested enterprises has increased significantly. Increased to reach 32.61%, the proportion of shares and limited companies also increased, but the increase was modest, accounting for 18.69%; while the proportion of total profits, foreign-invested enterprises far exceeded private companies, reaching 44.48%, the proportion of private enterprises This is 36.13%, which just reflects the characteristics of China's fastener industry with a large number, small scale, and overall strength. The technical advantages, product advantages and market advantages of fastener companies are mainly concentrated in foreign-invested enterprises.
2. Regional distribution The regional distribution of fastener enterprises in China is very concentrated. From the perspective of the statistics of large-scale enterprises in 2007, the three provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Delta, “Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shanghaiâ€, have concentrated nearly 70% of the country’s Firmware enterprises and 65% of the total economic output of fasteners, of which Zhejiang Province has the largest share, accounting for 44.91% of the total number of companies, main business revenue accounted for 37.02%, followed by Jiangsu Province, accounting for 14.97% of the company's total. Business income accounted for 18.34%, Shanghai accounted for 9.02%, and main business income accounted for 12.09%. In addition, Guangdong Province, Shandong Province, Hebei Province, and Liaoning Province also have a certain number of fastener companies and economic aggregates.
3. New Product Development Since most of the fastener products are produced in large quantities according to uniform standards, the number of new product developments in the fastener industry is not large. The main purpose is to change the internal composition of the used materials and improve tightness. The mechanical properties of the firmware, such as its strength and life, or the development of various special fasteners. The output value of new products accounts for 4% of the total industrial output value. In 2007, the output value of new products of fastener enterprises above the scale was 2.684 billion yuan, and the output value of new products was 3.87%. However, as users continue to increase the demand for fastener products, the strength of new product development in the fastener industry is also increasing, high-strength large fasteners, high temperature fasteners, low-temperature fasteners and various types of special Fasteners have been introduced,
Export situation China is not only a major producer of fasteners, but also a major exporter. At present, it has exported fasteners to more than 50 countries (regions), among which exports to the European Union, the United States, and Australia are the largest and exports to the top six countries. The region is the largest in the United States, second in Germany, third in Japan, fourth in the United Kingdom, fifth in Italy, and sixth in Hong Kong. The sum of exports to the United States, Germany, and Japan accounts for one-third of total exports. . In 2007, China exported a total of 2.57 million tons of fasteners, which accounted for 48.95% of the current year's output. However, China’s exports of fasteners are still mainly medium and low-strength fasteners, and export orders are confusing, and export volume has grown too fast. Export time and export countries are too concentrated, low prices, high value-added products, which often trigger some trade frictions such as anti-dumping.
Fig. 6 shows the growth of fasteners in China in recent years. Fig. 7 shows the average unit price and trends of the export fasteners and imported fasteners in China in recent years. It can be seen from Fig. 7 that in recent years, China has seen The ratio of the unit price of imported fastener products to the unit price of exports has been increasing. The ratio in the past two years actually exceeded 8 times. In 2007, 56.95% of the foreign exchange earned through the use of fasteners was imported, which was equivalent to only 6.81% of the export volume. The fasteners, we can see that China's fastener industry is still a developing industry, large but not strong, and the United States, Japan, Europe, the difference between the developed countries.
5. Financial performance In recent years, the asset-liability ratio of the fastener industry in China has been below 60%, and the liabilities are at a reasonable level, but the current ratio is between 1.1 and 1.2, and the quick ratio is between 0.8 and 0.9. The liquidity of funds or short-term solvency is generally the same; in recent years, the value-added of the industry in China's fastener industry is between 24% and 26%, and in 2007 it was 25.5%, which is lower than the national machinery industry's added value (26.55 The average level of %), profit rate of main business income is about 5% and 6%, and it is 5.43% in 2007, which is also lower than the average profit rate of the main business of the machinery industry (6.4%), and has declined year by year. Trend, the profit rate of industrial cost is between 5% and 7%, and in 2007 it is 5.96%, which is lower than the average level of 6.93% of the national machinery industry. It can be seen that the ability to create new value and profitability of the fastener industry in China still need further development. Enhanced.
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