How many hidden dangers of community safety are waiting to be lifted

High-tech facilities are hardware, harmonious neighborhood relations are software ---

After many criminal cases in Tiantongyuan from 2006 to 2007 attracted attention from all walks of life, "community safety" became another focus of attention after housing prices and housing quality.

● Security ≠ safety

Xiao Lin, who had just renovated her new home, was worried before she moved in. The new house is on the second floor. In order to maintain the overall image of the community, the property company prohibits residents from installing protective fences. "The thief was able to get to my house's window in one jump. It was too unsafe." As a single white-collar worker, Xiao Lin, who was unattended, began to worry about the safety of the new house.

Is it safe to install the protective fence? Many people in the industry said that for professional crime, all security facilities can only form "relative safety", relative to other residences in the community that are not equipped with security.

"It is weak to ensure safety by technical means alone." Zhao Wenkai, director of the Residential Planning and Design Research Center of the China Urban Planning and Design Research Institute, believes that the safety factor of a residential area is related to many factors. Personnel composition, community management, and then security facilities. "Community safety is a social issue in the final analysis. In South Africa, almost every community has a fence, and a power grid is installed on the fence, but the crime rate in the community is still high."

Several property companies told reporters that it is not recommended that community owners install external protective facilities on their own, on the one hand to maintain a unified image of the community, and on the other hand to the safety of the owners. "If a family is equipped with protective fences, then the homes around this household will be unsafe, which is equivalent to installing escalators to enter other houses." A person in charge of a property company introduced that newly built communities will usually be equipped with certain security facilities. And there are security guards on a 24-hour tour, even if you live on the lower floors, you do n’t have to worry too much about safety. But without the basic security configuration of the community, the security situation is worrying.

Unreasonable planning to bury hidden safety hazards

Whether the community is safe depends not only on social security, but also on the planning and building form of the community. Chen Youhong, an associate professor in the Department of Administration, System Analysis and Public Policy Research Center, School of Public Administration, Renmin University of China, found in the study that areas with excessively dense buildings and chaotic populations are also crime-prone areas. "Some enclosed communities are irrationally designed and form many dead corners inside the community, but cameras and monitoring systems cannot keep up, so there is a big hidden danger. The crime rate of places like West Railway Station and Tiantongyuan Both are related to their unreasonable planning. "

What kind of residential area is safer? This is also a difficult question in the eyes of experts. "The communities in China in the 1980s were almost all open, and there were not so many security issues. The communities in many countries are still open. Closing or not is not a fundamental factor in determining the security of the community. For professional crime, if the community There are loopholes in management, security facilities are installed, and security patrols are also unpredictable. Some communities have security guards at the door, but strangers are still very easy to get in and out. The proportion of the population and the low- and middle-income population is very high, with a typical urban fringe community shape, and mixed people will inevitably bring difficulties in community management. On the other hand, the lack of services or supporting facilities caused by low property fees has also caused many hidden dangers in community security.

● Ensure safety and win by "software"

Also because of the large number of low- and middle-income people, Nancheng is much safer than Tiantongyuan. Chen Youhong said that this is mainly because many areas in Nancheng are more inclined to "acquaintance society". Because they were originally divided into units, many residents in the community Knowing each other has formed a supervision role for strangers. This neighborhood relationship is equivalent to a natural barrier to crime.

"And the current general environment is 'neighborhood is a disaster'," Chen Youhong said, which not only increases the cost of security for everyone, but also is not conducive to the formation of community culture.

"Strict management" and "neighborhood relations" are two elements that Zhao Wenkai believes can effectively improve the security of the community. "Technical means are hardware, and these two elements are software." Zhao Wenkai said that there are many uncertainties in the security measures on hardware. In the future, community safety will rely more on "software" guarantees.

However, security facilities are also indispensable, because they can play a deterrent role against criminals. A person in charge of a property company believes that the basic security facilities will become the standard configuration of the newly built community, because only a small cost investment can be used to configure the required cameras and remote monitoring system for a residential community, and this technological method reduces both In addition to the uncertainty of security patrols, it has achieved management convenience and low cost, and has also given residents of the community a certain sense of security. Residential districts without basic security facilities will struggle to win the market.

● Community safety is a public product

Despite the belief that community self-government will contribute to the improvement of community safety, Chen Youhong still insists that safety is a public product and should be paid by the government to make public order a private product. "Commercial security is not a good thing. It makes everyone's cost to ensure safety increase, which is neither economical nor difficult to guarantee." However, if some owners need special security, they will pay special costs. Initial investment fees, maintenance fees ... These can also be achieved through the rights protection and autonomy of the owners, and the property company will provide services as a commercial service unit.

"Community is a small society. Community self-government will increase the community's attention and participation in community life, thereby promoting the level of property management, and thereby improving the safety factor of the community." She introduced that community self-government has become a general aspect of community management in China. Policy, under the premise of community closure, the role of the owners ’committee in community autonomy is very important. Text / Zheng Shanshan

● Related information

The bottom line for community safety

Within a week, the Beijing Tiantongyuan community had two consecutive murders. Although the case was quickly resolved, the successive occurrence of vicious criminal cases in the community undoubtedly challenged the bottom line of community security. With the increase in the number of communities in Beijing and the complexity of the personnel structure, the requirements for community safety precautions are also increasing.

In 2001, the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs jointly issued the "Notice on Strengthening Collaboration and Coordination of Security Precautions in Resident Residential Areas to Effectively Guarantee Resident Safety". It is clearly pointed out that the safety precautions of residential areas are one of the focuses of social security work. Public security organs must give full play to their functions and maintain the order of public security in residential areas; civil affairs departments should strengthen community construction, play the role of community neighborhood committees, and promote comprehensive governance of public security; at the same time, it is proposed that the real estate administrative department should promote and regulate property management Management enterprises should improve the level of security and prevention services in residential areas.

The first time the international community formally proposed the concept of community safety was at the first World Accident and Injury Prevention Conference held in Stockholm, Sweden in 1989, when representatives from 50 countries and regions around the world issued a "Community Safety" declaration. Since then, the World Health Organization has continually urged and advocated to carry out injury prevention work on community safety at various social levels including various countries, regions, departments, organizations, etc. Community security is generally understood as a community security mechanism based on the collective will and efforts of community management organizations, volunteer groups, and all community members. Its basic connotation includes community production and life safety, leisure and entertainment safety, and medical care. Safety, water safety, food safety, traffic safety, environmental safety and education safety, etc.

Expert suggestion: We must increase investment in urban community safety and security. Increase the investment of community safety guarantee, on the one hand, ensure that the community safety staff have a considerable income, so that they can devote themselves to security work; on the other hand, install and update community safety monitoring and prevention equipment, such as far-infrared peripheral alarm System, TV camera monitoring system, electronic patrol system and access control intercom system, etc. So as to finally achieve the close integration and mutual promotion of technical defense, physical defense and civil defense.

The most direct is: to strengthen the community security team building. In addition, it is necessary to establish a scientific safety prevention management system, clearly define responsibilities, establish an incentive mechanism for assessment rewards and punishments, and improve the efficiency and quality of safety prevention services from all aspects.

In addition, the socialization of community safety services is also an effective way to solve the "syndrome" of community security problems. The two main components of the community security service socialization system are the community's own security service force and the external social force serving the community security; it is necessary to build a community of community security service by strengthening publicity and education, establishing a perfect system and carrying out risk assurance work化 系统。 Chemical system.

Family safety protection measures

1. Install an automatic alarm door lock, which can be used to automatically call the user's pager, cell phone, neighbors, neighborhood committee, police station through the telephone line

2. Magnetic control switch can be installed in the window, and an alarm signal can be issued once the window is opened

3. Passive infrared intrusion detector can be installed in balcony or hallway

4. Unit residential building can be installed with building intercom or video intercom anti-theft system

5. If the community has an automatic police reception center, it should be connected to the network as soon as possible. In case of emergencies, the community security and civilian police can rush to deal with it in time

6. The anti-theft door should be locked